What is Biofeedback - Biofeedback and the Brain

Biofeedback effectively deals with a wide variety of disorders which impact thousands of people.

What is Biofeedback?

Biofeedback is a process that enables an individual to learn how to change physiological activity for the purposes of improving health and performance. Precise instruments measure physiological activity such as brainwaves, heart function, breathing, muscle activity, and skin temperature. These instruments rapidly and accurately "feed back" information to the user. The presentation of this information — often in conjunction with changes in thinking, emotions, and behavior — supports desired physiological changes. Over time, these changes can endure without continued use of an instrument.

This is the definition adopted by BCIA, AAPB and ISNR May 18, 2008.

Biofeedback is a non-invasive form of treatment. The therapist attaches sensors or electrodes to the body and these sensors provide a variety of readings--feedback--which is displayed on the equipment for the patient to see. The signals typically measure skin temperature, muscle tension and/or brainwave function. With this information, patients can learn to make changes so subtle that at first they cannot be consciously perceived. With practice, however, the new responses and behaviors can help to bring relief and improvement to a variety of disorders.

Through biofeedback a person experiencing migraines can learn to ward off headaches. A person who experienced a stroke may regain muscle use. Children and adults diagnosed with ADD or ADHD may see improved concentration and control. People with urinary or fecal incontinence or other pelvic floor disorders can achieve improved bladder control. Individuals with stress-related disorders learn to relax and improve their overall health.

How many sessions does it take? Typically, biofeedback treatment involves a regular series of sessions over a period of several weeks. Some courses of treatment may involve as few as 10 or 15 sessions; other disorders may require 40 or 50. The good news is that biofeedback teaches individuals self regulation. Once the techniques are learned, the patient may never again require biofeedback therapy or only a "refresher" session now and then.